Monroe v1.0.0

Bioinformatics pipeline for SARS-CoV-2 genome assembly and sample cluster detection.

• SARS-CoV-2 genome assembly can be performed from read data generated using the ARTIC PCR tiling protocols (V1, V2, or V3) with either an Illumina sequencing platform (e.g. MiSeq) or an Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinIon device
• Cluster detection can be performed from input assembly files (fasta) generated from any sequencing protocol

Data workflow:

Monroe consists of three separate Nextflow pipelines for Illumina paired-end read assembly (pe_assebly) Oxford Nanopore Technlogies read assembly (ont_assembly) cluster analysis from assembled SC2 genomes (cluster_analysis):

Monroe’s Nextflow pipelines can be executed using the following command format:

$ staphb-wf monroe <monroe_pipeline> [options]

• <monroe_pipeline> must be pe_assembly, ont_assembly, or cluster_analysis

Paired-End Read Assembly:

Monroe pe_assembly uses Trimmomatic and BBDuk to perform read trimming and adapter/PhiX removal prior to mapping read data to a reference SARS-CoV-2 genome (Wuhan-1; NCBI RefSeq NC_045512.2) with minimap2. Paired-fastq files are pulled from the alignment file with SAMtools–these filtered read data (i.e. paired reads that map to the reference genome) are stored as separate files that can be uploaded to public repositories such as NCBI SRA.

The minimap2 alignment file is also used to generate a consensus assembly after trimming ARTIC primers using iVar v1.2.1.

Quick Start

$ staphb-wf monroe pe_assembly <input_dir> -o <output_dir> --primers <ARTIC_primer_version>

• <input_dir> is a positional argument that designates the path to an input directory containing paired-end read data (fastq).
  
• -o specifies the directory to which Monroe will write all results; if an <output_dir>is not provided, results will be written to a monroe_run_<date> directory.
  
• --primers The ARTIC primer set version used to generate the read data must be designated as V1, V2, or V3.

Other Options

• --profile: Nextflow profile, either Docker or Singularity. Default will try docker first, then singularity if the docker executable cannot be found.
• --config, -c: Path to a custom Nextflow configuration file
• --resume: Resume a previous run

Output:

Monroe pe_assembly will organize all output into four subdirectories under the specified <output_dir>:

• <output_dir>/alignments: Sorted BAM files after minimap2 mapping and ivar primer trimming
• <output_dir>/assemblies: Consensus genome assemblies in fasta format as well as a <date>_quality_metrics.tsv file comprising of quality metrics for all genome assemblies
• <output_dir>/SC2_reads: Paired read data that have mapped to the Wu-Han-1 reference genome
• <output_dir>/logs: Nextflow execution report (Monroe_execution_report.html), trace file (Monroe_trace.txt), and task work directories.

Sample quality metrics file:

• sample: isolate ID pulled from the fastq file
• aligned_bases: number of bases mapped to the SARS-CoV-2 reference genome
• percent_cvg: percent of reference genome with mapped read data
• mean_depth: mean depth-of-coverage
• mean_base_q: average quality of basecalls for read data mapped to the reference genome
• mean_map_q: mean mapping quality
• status: “PASS” if percent_cvg >80%, mean_base_q >30, and mean_map_q >30; “WARNING” if any of these quality thresholds are not met

Docker Images

The base Nextflow configuration profiles (Docker, Singularity) for Monroe pe_assebly incorporate the following StaPH-B Docker Images:

Default docker images and parameters listed above can be adjusted by:

1. Copying the template pe_assebly config file ($ staphb-wf monroe --get_config pe_assembly)
2. Using a text editor to change the <date>_pe_assembly.config file
3. Specifying your custom config file (i.e. the edited <date>_pe_assembly.config> file) when running the pipeline:
   

$ staphb-wf monroe pe_assembly <input_dir> -o <output_dir> --primers <ARTIC_primer_version> -c <custom_config_file> [options]

Oxford Nanopore Technlogies (ONT) Read Assembly:

Monroe ont_assembly can accept ONT Fast5 or FastQ read data. If Fast5 files are provided, high accuracy basecalling will be performed using a GPU-optimized environment. ONT FastQ files, in accordance to the ARTIC bioinformatics protocols, undergo demultiplexing and read filtering prior to genome assembly with either NanoPolish or Medaka.

Quick Start

$ staphb-wf monroe ont_assembly <input_dir> <sequencing_summary> -o <output_dir> --primers <ARTIC_primer_version>

• <input_dir> is a positional argument that designates the path to an input directory containing Oxford Nanopore Technologies read read data; input data can be either in either Fast5 or FastQ format–if Fast5, the --ont_basecalling must also be invoked
• <sequencing_summary> is a positional argument that designates the path to the location of the sequencing summary
• -o specifies the directory to which Monroe will write all results; if an <output_dir>is not provided, results will be written to a monroe_run_<date> directory.
  
• --primers The ARTIC primer set version used to generate the read data must be designated as V1, V2, or V3.

Other Options

• --run_prefix: Desired run prefix. Default = artic_ncov19
• --ont_basecalling: perform high accuracy basecalling using GPU (only use if you have setup a GPU compatible device); must be invoked if input data is in Fast5 format.
• --profile: Nextflow profile, either Docker or Singularity. Default will try docker first, then singularity if the docker executable cannot be found.
• --config, -c: Path to a custom Nextflow configuration file
• --resume: Resume a previous run

Output:

Monroe ont_assembly will organize all output into five subdirectories under the specified <output_dir>:

• <output_dir>/demultiplexing: demultiplexed read data
• <output_dir>/guppylex: read data filtered by length
• <output_dir>/pipeline_nanopolish: Nanopolish consensus assembly, if the nanopolish pipeline is specified
• <output_dir>/pipeline_medaka: Medaka consensus assembly, if the medaka pipeline is specified
• <output_dir>/logs: Nextflow execution report (Monroe_execution_report.html), trace file (Monroe_trace.txt), and task work directories.

Docker Images

The base Nextflow configuration profiles (Docker, Singularity) for Monroe cluster_analysis incorporate the following StaPH-B Docker Images:

Default docker images and parameters listed above can be adjusted by:

1. Copying the template ont_assembly config file ($ staphb-wf monroe --get_config ont_assembly)
2. Using a text editor to change the <date>_ont_assembly.config file
3. Specifying your custom config file (i.e. the edited <date>_ont_assembly.config> file) when running the pipeline: < br/>

$ staphb-wf monroe ont_assembly <input_dir> -o <output_dir> --primers <ARTIC_primer_version> -c <custom_config_file> [options]

Cluster Analysis:

Monroe cluster_analysis uses Mafft to perform multiple-sequence alignment of all SARS-CoV-2 genomes provided. The resulting alignment fasta file is used to generate a pairwise-snp distance matrix with snp-dists and a maximum-likelihood phylogeneitc tree with IQ-Tree.

Output from snp-dists and IQ-Tree are curated into a single pdf report using the StaPH-B cluster-report-env

Quick Start

$ staphb-wf monroe cluster_analysis <input_dir> -o <output_dir>

• <input_dir> is a positional argument that designates the path to an input directory containing the SARS-CoV-2 assembly files (fasta).
  
• -o specifies the directory to which Monroe will write all results; if an <output_dir>is not provided, results will be written to a monroe_run_<date> directory.
  

Other Options

• --profile: Nextflow profile, either Docker or Singularity. Default will try docker first, then singularity if the docker executable cannot be found.
• --config, -c: Path to a custom Nextflow configuration file
• --resume: Resume a previous run
• get_rtemplate: Create a report template file for pipeline customization; <date>_cluster_analysis_report.Rmd will be populated in the user’s current working directory
• --report,-r: Path to custom report tempalte file

To customize the final report format:

1. Copy the report template file ($ staphb-wf monroe cluster_analysis --get_rtemplate)
2. Using a text editor to change the <date>_cluster_analysis_report.Rmd file
3. Specifying your custom report template file (i.e. the edited <date>_cluster_analysis_report.Rmd> file) when running the pipeline:
   

$ staphb-wf monroe cluster_analysis <input_dir> -o <output_dir> -r <custom_report_template_file> [options]

Output:

Monroe cluster_analysis will write the final pdf report to the specified <output_dir>. All other output will be organized into three subdirectories:

• <output_dir>/images: PNG files of the maximum-likelihood tree and color-coded SNP-distance matrix
• <output_dir>/msa: Mafft alignment file (fasta), IQ-Tree newick file, and SNP-dists pairwise-distance matrix
• <output_dir>/logs: Nextflow execution report (Monroe_execution_report.html), trace file (Monroe_trace.txt), and task work directories.

Docker Images

The base Nextflow configuration profiles (Docker, Singularity) for Monroe cluster_analysis incorporate the following StaPH-B Docker Images:

Default docker images and parameters listed above can be adjusted by:

1. Copying the template cluster_analysis config file ($ staphb-wf monroe --get_config cluster_analysis)
2. Using a text editor to change the <date>_cluster_analysis.config file
3. Specifying your custom config file (i.e. the edited <date>_cluster_analysis.config> file) when running the pipeline:
   

staphb-wf monroe cluster_analysis <input_dir> -o <output_dir> -c <custom_config_file> [options]

Version History

Current version: v1.0.0 April 29, 2020

Version 1.0.0 is the first stable version of Monroe

Authors

Kevin G. Libuit, DCLS Bioinformatics Lead Scientist
Kelsey R Florek, WSLH Bioinformatics Scientist
Abigail Shockey, WSLH Bioinformatics Fellow